Common cold
Common cold is a harmless viral infection of the upper respiratory system which includes your nose and throat. Even though people of any age group can get affected by common cold, children below 6 years of age are more prone to the condition.
Causes
- Common cold is caused by viral infection
- Many types of viruses can cause the condition
- Rhinovirus is the most common virus
- Virus enters the body through eyes, nose or mouth
- It can spread through direct contact
- It can also spread through droplets in air when an infected person coughs, sneezes or talks
- Rhinovirus can also spread by sharing common household things with an infected person.
Symptoms
Symptoms of common cold include:
- Blocked, runny or stuffy nose
- Sore throat
- Mild headache
- Muscle ache
- Sneezing
- Coughs
- Low grade fever
- Loss of taste and smell
- Generally feeling unwell
- Slight body aches
- Pressure in ears
Diagnosis
Common cold can be diagnosed with their signs and symptoms. Other tests like blood tests or chest X-rays may be recommended by your doctor if any other coexisting conditions are suspected.
Prevention
Precautions to slow down and avoid spreading of common cold include:
- Wash hands
- Use tissues while coughing or sneezing
- Discard used tissues as quick as possible
- Stay fit and healthy
- Don’t share towels or household items with an infected person
- Avoid contact with an infected person
- Disinfect your stuff such as clothes, bedroom, kitchen, surroundings etc.
Treatment
Treatment for common cold is done to relieve signs and symptoms. They include:
- Pain relievers
- Cough syrup
- Decongestant nasal sprays or tablets
Home remedies include:
- Rest and sleep
- Drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration
- Gargle salt water to soothe throat
- Keep your room warm.
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